ABSTRACT
The popularity of the concept of employee engagement in the scientific community has grown significantly over the past few decades, many large companies have implemented it in practice, conducting regular engagement surveys. However, there is still no common understanding of the essence of this phenomenon, what it consists of, what factors influence its formation and how to measure it. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to systematize the approaches to defining and measuring employee engagement, proposed in scientific and professional publications, as well as to discuss methodological challenges and prospects in connection with the transformation of the context of work. Method. The first part of the article examines the most famous scientific approaches to the definition of engagement at work and related constructs, factors, and models of involvement, including applied ones, used by consulting companies. The second part focuses on the measurement of engagement. The third part discusses the new challenges facing employee engagement researchers and practitioners in the face of changing working conditions, most notably the widespread use of digital technology and remote working accelerated by COVID-19 pandemic. The article is based on a review of scientific and professional literature and contains several elements of novelty. Findings. For the first time, a detailed analysis of the main theoretical approaches to interpreting and measuring the "employee engagement" construct presented in foreign and domestic literature was carried out;the characteristics of the employee engagement models of consulting companies, which are used by practitioners in the field of organizational psychology, and human resource management, are given;the challenges in the field of conceptualization and methodology for measuring the employee engagement in the new conditions of doing business and organizing work were described. Value of results. The scientific significance of the article lies in the systematization of various areas of theoretical and empirical studies in foreign and domestic literature on employee engagement. HR managers can get from the article valuable information about the specific approaches of consulting companies involved in conducting employee engagement surveys, which can be used to interpret their results, and to design their own engagement surveys taking into account the company's characteristics.
ABSTRACT
The popularity of the concept of employee engagement in the scientific community has grown significantly over the past few decades, many large companies have implemented it in practice, conducting regular engagement surveys. However, there is still no common understanding of the essence of this phenomenon, what it consists of, what factors influence its formation and how to measure it. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to systematize the approaches to defining and measuring employee engagement, proposed in scientific and professional publications, as well as to discuss methodological challenges and prospects in connection with the transformation of the context of work. Method. The first part of the article examines the most famous scientific approaches to the definition of engagement at work and related constructs, factors, and models of involvement, including applied ones, used by consulting companies. The second part focuses on the measurement of engagement. The third part discusses the new challenges facing employee engagement researchers and practitioners in the face of changing working conditions, most notably the widespread use of digital technology and remote working accelerated by COVID-19 pandemic. The article is based on a review of scientific and professional literature and contains several elements of novelty. Findings. For the first time, a detailed analysis of the main theoretical approaches to interpreting and measuring the employee engagement construct presented in foreign and domestic literature was carried out;the characteristics of the employee engagement models of consulting companies, which are used by practitioners in the field of organizational psychology, and human resource management, are given;the challenges in the field of conceptualization and methodology for measuring the employee engagement in the new conditions of doing business and organizing work were described. Value of results. The scientific significance of the article lies in the systematization of various areas of theoretical and empirical studies in foreign and domestic literature on employee engagement. HR managers can get from the article valuable information about the specific approaches of consulting companies involved in conducting employee engagement surveys, which can be used to interpret their results, and to design their own engagement surveys taking into account the company's characteristics.
ABSTRACT
The popularity of the concept of employee engagement in the scientific community has grown significantly over the past few decades, many large companies have implemented it in practice, conducting regular engagement surveys. However, there is still no common understanding of the essence of this phenomenon, what it consists of, what factors influence its formation and how to measure it. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to systematize the approaches to defining and measuring employee engagement, proposed in scientific and professional publications, as well as to discuss methodological challenges and prospects in connection with the transformation of the context of work. Method. The first part of the article examines the most famous scientific approaches to the definition of engagement at work and related constructs, factors, and models of involvement, including applied ones, used by consulting companies. The second part focuses on the measurement of engagement. The third part discusses the new challenges facing employee engagement researchers and practitioners in the face of changing working conditions, most notably the widespread use of digital technology and remote working accelerated by COVID-19 pandemic. The article is based on a review of scientific and professional literature and contains several elements of novelty. Findings. For the first time, a detailed analysis of the main theoretical approaches to interpreting and measuring the "employee engagement" construct presented in foreign and domestic literature was carried out;the characteristics of the employee engagement models of consulting companies, which are used by practitioners in the field of organizational psychology, and human resource management, are given;the challenges in the field of conceptualization and methodology for measuring the employee engagement in the new conditions of doing business and organizing work were described. Value of results. The scientific significance of the article lies in the systematization of various areas of theoretical and empirical studies in foreign and domestic literature on employee engagement. HR managers can get from the article valuable information about the specific approaches of consulting companies involved in conducting employee engagement surveys, which can be used to interpret their results, and to design their own engagement surveys taking into account the company's characteristics.
ABSTRACT
We selected Problematic Internet Use (PIU) as our research object. PIU is a behavioral addiction or a type of addictive behavior that can have negative influence on users’ emotional and social functioning. In our case, these users were students who had to learn distantly. The aim of this pilot study was to estimate use of the Internet by students and associated risks by performing the validated screening (Problematic Internet Use – PIU). The first stage was accomplished under routine full-time education;the second stage took place during the COVID-19 pandemic under the forced lockdown in the spring term 2020. Medical students who participated in this pilot study were asked to estimate how much time they spent using the Internet on their mobile devices or PC and to report risks associated with problematic Internet use, both under ordinary circumstances and under forced self-isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic. We applied Problematic and Risky Internet Use Screening – PRIUSS, Midwestern University, USA, both paper version and Google survey, to question the participants. Overall, 230 students took part at the first stage of the survey;one year after there were 90 students participating in the survey. The research results show it is truly vital to examine risky behavior since it can pose certain threats for young students’ health due to growing volumes and shares of information obtained from information network channels and Internet resources. In addition, we established an increasing share of risky behavior when using the Internet under restrictions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. There was a substantial growth in the number of students exposed to the intensive Internet use. The scores as per the subscales “social disorders” and “emotional disorders” grew by 2.7 and 2.1 times accordingly. The score describing risky / impulsive Internet use went up from 7.8 to 16.3. All the differences were statistically significant (р < 0.001). © Kuchma V.R., Makarova A.Yu., Naryshkina E.V., Yamschikova N.L., Brazhnikov A.Yu., Fedorinin A.A., Laponova E.D., Demina N.N., 2022
ABSTRACT
The article presents the results of retrospective analysis of the clinical histories of children hospitalized from March 23, 2020 to December 27, 2020 in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) 'Children's Infectious Clinical Hospital' with the diagnosis 'Coronavirus infection caused by COVID-19' (ICD-10 code U07.1, U07.2). The features of the clinical course of a new coronavirus infection in 358 children were described. Accumulation of epidemiological and clinical data will make it possible to find ways to prevent and treat the new infection, taking into account regional and population characteristics.
ABSTRACT
The sphere of postgraduate studies is the most governance reform-sensitive element of high school educational system in Russia. The article focuses on the governmental decisions taken to address difficulties in high school modernization sphere. The article posits that the mainstream modernization vector of educational system connected with the upgraded scientific and pedagogical personnel education is performed in accordance with transformational process set forth in Bologna declaration signed by the Russian Federation. The Covid-19 pandemic challenged the postgraduate reform results in Russia. The article provides a thorough and discourse analysis of scientific publications, expert interviews and normative documents. The study concludes that the set of fundamental approaches to further Russian system of postgraduate studies is currently semi-functional. Current reforms seek to overcome a destructive impact of the current postgraduate studies system. © 2022 Moscow Polytechnic University. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
The international AKTIV register presents a detailed description of out-and inpatients with COVID-19 in the Eurasian region. It was found that hospitalized patients had more comorbidities. In addition, these patients were older and there were more men than among outpatients. Among the traditional risk factors, obesity and hypertension had a significant negative effect on prognosis, which was more significant for patients 60 years of age and older. Among comorbidities, CVDs had the maximum negative effect on prognosis, and this effect was more significant for patients 60 years of age and older. Among other comorbidities, type 2 and 1 diabetes, chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer and anemia had a negative impact on the prognosis. This effect was also more significant (with the exception of type 1 diabetes) for patients 60 years and older. The death risk in patients with COVID-19 depended on the severity and type of multimorbidity. Clusters of diseases typical for deceased patients were identified and their impact on prognosis was determined. The most unfavorable was a cluster of 4 diseases, including hypertension, coronary artery disease, heart failure, and diabetes mellitus. The data obtained should be taken into account when planning measures for prevention (vaccination priority groups), treatment and rehabilitation of COVID-19 survivors.
ABSTRACT
The organizer of the registers “Dynamics analysis of comorbidities in SARS-CoV-2 survivors” (AKTIV) and “Analysis of hospitalizations of comorbid patients infected during the second wave of SARS-CoV-2 outbreak” (AKTIV 2) is the Eurasian Association of Therapists (EAT). Currently, there are no clinical registries in the Eurasian region designed to collect and analyze information on long-term outcomes of COVID-19 survivors with comorbid conditions. The aim of the register is to assess the impact of a novel coronavirus infection on long-term course of chronic non-communicable diseases 3, 6, 12 months after recovery, as well as to obtain information on the effect of comorbidity on the severity of COVID-19. Analysis of hospitalized patients of a possible second wave is planned for register “AKTIV 2”. To achieve this goal, the register will include men and women over 18 years of age diagnosed with COVID-19 who are treated in a hospital or in outpatient basis. The register includes 25 centers in 5 federal districts of the Russian Federation, centers in the Republic of Armenia, the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Republic of Kyrgyzstan, the Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Moldova, and the Republic of Uzbekistan. The estimated capacity of the register is 5400 patients.
ABSTRACT
The article presents an assessment of the knowledge and awareness of university students about the sources of COVID-19 data. The 27-question survey was conducted between 15 and 30 June 2020 with the participation of 142 medical university students. Conducted one-factor analysis of students' awareness of COVID-19, ways of obtaining vital health information, individual self-efficacy of preventive interventions in the conditions of pandemic stress, and remote learning was based on students’ responses. 71.8% of respondents named the Internet and social networks as the sources of information on COVID-19. In the conditions of self-isolation, students' screen time had increased by 68%. COVID-19 was assessed as a serious global threat to public health at an average of 4.3, with the threat of the virus spreading rated as sufficiently ‘neurotic’ (65.5%, with an average result of 3.06;SD=1.31). Respondents rated their chances to contract COVID-19 on average as 3.26 (SD=1.34), 52.8% regarded COVID-19 as threatening to health, and 47.2% expressed fear for loved ones and families. 65.5% cast some doubts about the imminent end of a pandemic threat. Students demonstrated a lack of knowledge about COVID-19, but correctly noted the activities that reduce its spread. The uncertainty of the majority of respondents and the increased anxiety determine the lack of individual self-efficacy of interventions that reduce the risk of the virus spreading. Therefore, the public requires continuous education and reliable facts on COVID-19 to address the problem of the abundance of misinformation posted on the Internet and social networking, both in the contexts of well-being and further pandemic development.